Hi Nick,
For cabin crew...
Within Australia the company you're working for pays for the training, although some overseas airlines require their trainees pay or be subject to a bond.
There is no certification as such - for example if you completed CC training at DJ & then went to QF, you need to do the full training again, nothing is transferred - this is largely due to airlines working to very different SOPs & EPs. Having said that, past flyers are certaily more employable in similiar roles (all else being equal).
How long they are employed naturally depends on the employee - there are people who have been at the airline I work at since Day 1 & others that have left during training. You could safely say <5 years for LCC & a lot more for legacy carriers - when considering those averages it's important to compare the terms & conditions they are employed under & the demographics of people they employ - for example the new QFLH QCCA contract, one would assume would result in higher turnover at lower years of service due to the decreased T&C's & therefore the different demographic of applicant it will attract.
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